by db1979 » Sun Jan 26, 2020 5:34 pm
One condenser is a reflux condenser (the smaller one), its job is to return some of the components in the vapour back to the column and it sets up a temperature gradient in the column so that there is a separation of the different components in the column (more volatile up higher, less volatile down lower). You run the still by reducing the amount of cooling in this smaller condenser to allow some of the components in the vapour to come over to the second condenser and send the rest back. The second condenser condenses all the vapour back to liquid - your product (collect small volumes in many separate jars). The still you posted has a pretty short column. If you want neutral you'll want a longer column, you'll just need to have another section added underneath that is packed with scrubber, saddles, scoria or mesh. You'll definitely want some kind of copper packing, whether it's mesh or scrubbers. The copper removes sulphides.
What's the width of the column? It looks like it might be 2", which won't be very fast. The wider the faster.